A New Method for the Speed Control of a Brushless DC Motor Based on Optimized Fuzzy Control

Abstract

In this paper, a new speed control method for brushless DC (BLDC) motors based on the integration of fuzzy control and a genetic optimization algorithm is proposed. The rule base and membership functions of the fuzzy controller are adaptively optimized via the genetic algorithm, which performs a global search to decrease the speed tracking error across dynamic conditions. To address the shortcomings of traditional control methods in terms of accuracy, response speed, and stability, efficient and accurate regulation of motor speed is achieved in this method. The experimental results reveal that under low load (10% rated load) conditions, the average error of traditional PID (Proportional–Integral–Derivative) control is high, whereas the average error of the optimized fuzzy control method is only 1.2 rpm, with the smallest standard deviation and stable and accurate control accuracy. Under medium load (50% rated load) conditions, the average error of the optimized fuzzy control is 1.8 rpm, the standard deviation is the smallest, the average time to reach a stable speed is 0.3 s, the overshoot and adjustment times are small, and the control performance is significantly better than that of traditional PID control and traditional fuzzy control. Under high load (90% rated load) conditions, the average error of the optimized fuzzy control is 2.5 rpm, the standard deviation is the smallest, and the control accuracy and stability are good under high load and complex conditions. Compared with traditional PID control and traditional fuzzy control, this method has higher speed control accuracy and significantly smaller average error under different load conditions, a faster response speed, a shorter time to reach a stable speed, better system stability, and a smaller standard deviation. This study provides a new and effective solution for BLDC motor control, which can facilitate the optimization of electric systems in related industrial applications.

Cite this article as: B. Jiang and D. Luo, “A new method for the speed control of a brushless DC motor based on optimized fuzzy control,” Electrica, 25, 0063, 2026. doi: 10.5152/electrica.2026.25063.